A Quality Improvement Project Focused On Women s...

The article â€Å"A Quality Improvement Project Focused on Women’s Perceptions of Skin-to-Skin Contact after Cesarean Birth† was written by Judith Moran-Peters, Cheryl Zauderer, Susan Goldman, Jennifer Baierlein, and April Smith. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the implications of the unavailability of skin-to-skin contact following a cesarean birth and to identify perceptions of women who performed skin-to-skin contact after their second cesarean birth. The study also sought to compare cesarean birthing experiences, particularly in relation to the facilitation of breast-feeding, in which skin-to-skin contact was and was not present. The project was conducted at a 408-bed Magnet-designated community hospital in a suburb of New York City. In 2009, this hospital had 1,547 births with an overall cesarean birth rate of 42 percent. Of the total cesarean births, approximately 50% were repeat, elective (nonemergency) cesarean birth. A total of 3 20 mothers constituted the potential study population for this quality improvement project. The inclusion criteria used to obtain the sample consisted of English-speaking women ages 18 years or older who were having a repeat, elective (nonemergency) cesarean birth. Women whose newborns required admission to the NICU or a transfer out of the hospital were excluded from the study. The total study sample consisted of six mothers between the ages of 27 and 40 years. The participants of the study delivered

Hamlet Soliloquies Essay Example For Students

Hamlet Soliloquies Essay In William Shakespeares ?Hamlet? there are four major soliloquies that reflect the character of Hamlet. In this paper I will be analyzing and discussing how these four soliloquies reflect changes in Hamlets mental state; his changing attitudes toward life and the other characters in the play, particularly the women; and his reflection on the task of revenge that has been assigned to him. These four soliloquies are the backbones of the play, and they offer the audience a glimpse into Hamlets mind and thought processes. In the first soliloquy it is very obvious that Hamlets sanity is in question. This is apparent in the first four lines of this soliloquy. ? O that this too solid flesh would melt, Thaw and resolve itself into a dew, Or that the Everlasting had not fixed, His canon ?gainst self-slaughter, O God! God!? (42) These few lines show that Hamlet is so depressed that he wishes he could melt away into nothingness or commit suicide. It is also very apparent in this soliloquy, that Hamlet is beginning to loath his mother for marrying Claudius only one month after King Hamlets death. Hamlet loathes his mother and begins to loath all women, because he believes they are all weak. ?Let me not think ont! Frailty, They name is women!? (42) Hamlet seems to view Denmark as a metaphorical garden of Eden which now totally corrupt, this can be seen when Hamlet says ? Tis an unweeded garden, That grows to seed; things rank and gross in nature?. (42) This soliloquy presents the audience a glimpse into Hamlet s psyche, he is obviously enraged at his mothers marriage, the state of Denmark, and he is still mourning his fathers death. The second soliloquy is very intriguing and it helps to set up many events that happen during the play. Hamlet is first wondering how an actor, who has no true emotional connection to the play was performing can seem to have such deep emotions; while he in reality is feeling unfathomable pain and anguish and he cannot due anything more than mope around depressed and rant and rave about his fathers death. ?Whats Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba, That he should weep for her? What would he do, He the motive and the cue for passion, That I have.? (134) Hamlet doubts his own character and obedience to his father in this Soliloquy. He ponders whether or not he is a coward because he has yet to kill Claudius. ? But I am pigeon livered and lack gall, To make oppression bitter, or ere this, I should ha fattee all the region kites, With this slavess offal.? (136) During this soliloquy Hamlet contrives a plan to entrap Claudius so that hamlet can be totally sure that Claudius is guilty. ? I have heard, That guilty creatures sitting at a play, Have, by the very running of the scene, Been struck so to the soul that presently, They have proclaimed their malefactions, For murder, Though it have no tongue, will speak, with the most miraculous organ.? (136) This soliloquy is very important because it demonstrates Hamlets anger at himself and Claudius, and how Hamlet intends to obtain the final piece of evidence about his fathers death. He needs this evidence so he can be absolutely sure that Claudius killed King Hamlet. In the third soliloquy it is obvious that Hamlet is extremely depressed. Hamlet is seriously considering suicide but he wonders if death is worse then living. ?To die, to sleep; To sleep, perchance to dream ay, theres the rub:? (142) Hamlet considers suicide throughout the play but when he gets close to doing it he finds an excuse not to. He wonders if death is more hellish than life, and asks why would humans go through all the pain and suffering that life has to offer, if they could end it all by killing themselves. ?For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressors wrong, The proud mans contumely, The pangs of despised love, The laws delay, The insolence of office, and the spurns that patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make, With a bare bodkin (142,144) Hamlets character has truly changed at this point. He is no longer a man pretending to be mad he is a man who is truly mad. In the forth soliloquy hamlet wonders if he is fulfillin g his purpose in his life, which he now believes is to avenge his fathers murder. He is angry with himself for waiting so long to exact his revenge and fulfill his purpose. ?How all occasions do inform against me, And spur my dull revenge!? (222) At this point Hamlet is felling ashamed of his procrastination and wonders if he is indeed a great man. ?When honours at stake. How stained I then, That have a father killed, a mother stained, And let all sleep.? (222) His psyche by this time is truly damaged. He is now just a shell of a man with one purpose, revenge! ?Oh, from now on my thoughts must concentrate on vengeance, or theyre unworthy!? (224)Hamlet is a tragic hero when looked upon from an Aristotelian point of view. First, he was a great man of noble birth and he had a lot of responsibility in his kingdom. He is looked up to by most for leadership and guidance. Hamlet has the fatal tendency to only concentrate on only one thing, this thing was to revenge his fathers death by kil ling Claudius. This tendency leads him to his downfall along with his on major character flaw. This flaw is that Hamlet is a serial procrastinator. One example of this procrastination is that he had many chance to murder Claudius but he did not, he always seemed to find some excuse not to do it. I wonder if he killed Claudius the first chance he got, would he have lived a long and happy life as the King along with his Queen, instead of dying by the shear will of Claudius. Works CitedShakespeare, William. ?Hamlet? Shakespeare made easy. 1986Shakespeare Essays

Relationship between Form and Structure in Design.

Land That Entry Level Job in 3 Easy Steps

Land That Entry Level Job in 3 Easy Steps Sandy Donovan over at the Career One Stop blog has 3 great suggestions for job hunters feeling shut out at the gates. How do you make up for a lack of experience, a job gap, or a stagnant hiring climate in your dream field?   1. Don’t Send Your Resume to EveryoneI know it’s tempting when you’re not getting so much as a nibble, but trying to apply for every job you might be remotely qualified for or could conceivably enjoy is a losing proposition. Your resume should be tailored to every job you apply for, and if you’re sending it out 50 times a day, you’re not taking the time to ensure you’re a great match making a great impression. This doesn’t mean never send it out, it  means be smart about sending it out.  2. Network With People in Your FieldEven if your resume doesn’t represent what a great employee you could be- maybe your previous experience isn’t a good match or you had time away from the workforce- you proba bly know someone who appreciates your potential. And they probably know others in their field who would benefit from a terrific recommended candidate like you.Talk to literally everyone: use social media, use LinkedIn, and pick up the phone to schedule informational interviews or even quick chats over coffee. Find people who have the kind of job you want, and ask them to tell you what helped them get where they are. Get your name and your best resume in front of as many people in your field as possible.  3. Research Your IndustryDon’t expect your personal connections to do all the work for you- it’s your responsibility to explore all your options. Look into professional associations and certifications for your field, know what to expect with your salary potential, and identify local business and prospective clients. Know your industry and know yourself, so that when you finally get the call, you can interview as a well-informed, astute candidate.

Generating Theory from Practice nursing as disipline Essay

Generating Theory from Practice nursing as disipline - Essay Example Therefore, a scientific and philosophical paradigm of nursing practice is presented further on, representing previous and modern approaches to nursing practice. The outline of the paper is the following: A. Introduction B. General discussion 1) What is nursing? 2) Scientific paradigms in nursing; 3) Reflective practice in nursing; 4) The role of theory in nursing practice; 5) A correlation between theory and practice in nursing; 6) Reflective practice as experience application; C. Conclusion What is nursing? It has been often claimed that nursing is a practical human science. The meaning of the word â€Å"practical† should be better interpreted. Further consideration about â€Å"practical† aspect of nursing is correlated with the study conducted by Bishop and Schudder (1990). These scientists underlined that â€Å"practical† meaning of nursing implies a constant acquisition of required knowledge by nurses. In spite of the majority of works considering nursing as a practical aspect, a theoretical aspect of nursing is also worth being considered. We tent more to the works by Jean Watson (1985), Newman (1986) and others who correlated nursing with science. Philosophical background of nursing was shaped under the influence of phenomenology and such philosophers as Heidegger, Dilthey and Foucault. In order nursing could be positioned as a scientific field, it is relevant for nurses to enrich their philosophical and intellectual background and develop â€Å"various models of thinking† (Munhall 1992, p. 371). Currently, there is a need to develop knowledge among nurses. On the one hand, knowledge should be generated in the process of practicing, but on the other hand knowledge should be viewed as a temporary phenomenon. In the course of time knowledge is being developed under the influence of external factors. Thus, knowledge gaining in practice should be made in dynamics and it requires a personal development and self-perfection of a nurse . Generally, nursing is usually correlated with the field of human science. Nursing practice has been developed under the influence of current scientific tendencies, and is currently being considered as a complex knowledge. Nurses meet complex situations and it is on their behalf to solve these problems. Experts have introduced a new term of â€Å"intuition† in nursing. Moreover, nursing knowledge development would be considered on the background of reflective practice. Scientific paradigms in nursing Further on, it is necessary to consider possible paradigms involved in nursing learning. The most widely applied paradigms are the following: â€Å"positivist, post-positivist, interpretive and critical theory research paradigms† (Long and Johnson 2000, p. 459). Feminist philosophy is also applied in nursing knowledge development. All these paradigms and approaches are directed on imputation a status of a scientific and professional nature to nursing. With this respect, s ome writers would argue that it is thus necessary to introduce qualitative researches and terminology of positivist research into this field, because â€Å"there is nothing to be gained from the use of alternative terms which, on analysis, often prove to be identical to the traditional terms of reliability and validity† (Long & Johnson 2000, p. 30). For nurses, as well for other researchers, it is necessary to achieve positive research results in case their research strategies are valid.

Online Retailing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Online Retailing - Case Study Example The online marketing is inspired by the development and the increased of technology. Brick and mortar business is a description of the business that is entirely based on the internet differentiating from that which operates in the practical environment. Of all the methods and strategies of marketing, there are advantages of each of the models (Anderson 1996). Dell Inc has adopted the online marketing and it is also working on mass customization where there is mass production of individually modified products and services to meet the diverse customer needs. This is a more refined means of customer satisfaction where the prices are also comparable to those of standard products. Online retailing is generally adopted by traditional retailers who have widespread logistical and supply stores (Brown 2001). The most important aspect that enables success in online marketing is the fact that, traditional companies are better placed to establish an online presence than starting up a new marketing strategy from scratch. Online marketing is advantageous in existing companies which are already established and have good reputation hence customer confidence (Anderson1996). In such cases, the company retains contact with the physical enterprise and work out to leverage other tasks. Dell has core competencies against other companies that provide computer products and accessories. By the use of online marketing the company is able to explore these competencies more expansively and intensively (Tampa et al 2000). Since Dell is already an established company, it's able to use the trust it has established with its suppliers and hence leverage the supplier networks already in place. For these reason, there will be easy delivery of products to the clients and assured supply (Brown 2001). All these smooth operations come with advantages; discounts and other favoured handling. Existing distribution channels allows for trouble free delivery of services and products, price discounts to the company. These will have an advantage of cutting down the cost of distribution and therefore these benefits will trickle down to the customers in terms of reduced costs. Dell Inc has a well recognized brand name in the computer industry. For this reason, leveraging the brand equity is of great advantage over other companies that use the dot com marketing strategies, Anderson (1996). Having been in operation for quite sometime, Dell Inc is stable company that can operate online especially for financial services as many people already trusts them. This also implies the company has an already established customer foundation and sales and this brings in the benefits of economies of scale in marketing, making purchases, production (Fingar et al 2000). Established companies operating online will get a chance to leverage a lower cost of capital, as bond issues will be availed to established companies (Tampa et al 2000). The underwriting cost creating a new cop-any from the beginning as in initial public offer is very costly than the online equity offering in marketing. Every company has a set of advantages over others (competitors) and good operation practices (Fingar et al 2000). This gives established firm an advantage in online operations (online

Hinduism Paper Essay Example for Free

Hinduism Paper Essay Hinduism as coined by European influence, is the world’s third largest religion with nearly one billion followers, about 14% of the Earths human population. There are many that theorize Hinduism is not like any other religion that encompasses a particular way of life; that Hinduism is without a defined founder, deity, nor is Hinduism stuck to a specific system of theology. However, there are those that argue Hinduism is monotheistic because it does recognize the one supreme being of Brahman. Then some view Hinduism as Trinitarian because Brahman is visualized as one God with the three persons of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Considering that Hinduism lacks a united belief system is a matter of scholarly theory based on the closest findings and perhaps the reason many people theorize that Hinduism is undefined religion. The makeup of Hinduism is of diverse beliefs and traditions of the 81% of Hindus residing in present day India translated from Vedic scripture that some scholars say date back to 10,000 BCE. The basic scriptures of Hinduism, referred as Shastras, are a collection of spiritual laws discovered by sages at different points in history. The Two types of sacred writings, Shruti (heard) and Smriti (memorized) comprise the Hindu scriptures. The sacred writings were passed on from generation to generation orally for centuries before they were written down in the Sanskrit language dating far back as 6,500 BC. The major and most popular Hindu texts include the Bhagavad Gita, the Upanishads, and the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata, but there are fundamental core of beliefs shared by all Hindus. The basic core of Hinduism believes that there is only one supreme Absolute called Brahman, although it does not advocate the worship of any one particular deity. The gods and goddesses of Hinduism can amount to millions, all representing the many aspects of Brahman that indicate Hinduism is characterized by multiple deities. The most fundamental of Hindu deities is the Trinity of Brahma (creator), Vishnu (or Krishna, meaning creator) and Shiva (destroyer). Yet, the supreme God of any sub-God or sub-Goddesses is that of Brahma, a monotheistic approach that can be compared with many carnations to God in the Christian Bible such as Moses, Abraham, and Jesus and perhaps ignites much debate on the type of religion Hinduism is. However, there are other basic cores of beliefs that Hindus share. Amongst the core beliefs shared by Hindus is the desire for liberation from earthly existence in which Dharma, Samsara, Karma, and Moksha are facets in reaching liberation. Dharma encompasses ethics and duty within a Hindu’s life. Karma is the actions with in one’s life and the consequences for those actions. When Karma goes unfulfilled, Samsara is experienced through the cycle of life, death, and rebirth. The rebirth cycle is also known as reincarnation where a Hindu’s uncleansed soul cycles through life after life until the soul is cleansed enough to be with Brahman. While stuck in Samsara, the individual then becomes limited within time and space where monotony becomes a desire for escape from such misery. When a Hindu’s soul is cleansed enough to satisfy Brahman, Moksha is that escape from such earthly miseries. The desire for Moksha transformed Hinduism from a religion into a culture, but there is debate as to the cultural and societal influences that have made Hinduism vital to India. The cultural and societal influences of Hinduism is in a state of constant flow with the never ending possibilities as life on the earthly plane continues to flourish, yet there is debate on the historical significance that makes a Hinduism what it is today. The Aryan theory argues that Hinduism traces back to the Indus valley civilization of 4,000-2,200 BCE and was influenced by many Aryan Indo-European tribes who brought with them the religion of Vedism around 1,500 BCE. The Emerge theory challenges the Aryan invasion theory in stating the inconsistencies in timelines of Hebrew Scriptures and that of the Aryan invasion in comparison to the development of the four Veda that can be traced as far back as 6,500 BCE. Archeologists and religious historian have concluded through physical evidence of archeological finds along the Indus River and Indus valley show a continuality of the same group of people who traditionally developed Indian culture generation after generation with no evidence of Aryan influence. Another debate that continues amongst the modern day quarrel over theory is the caste system that dates back to 500 BCE. The Rig Veda defined four castes, or Varna’s; Brahmins were for religious leaders and educators, Kshatriyas for rulers and military, Vaishyas for farmers, landlords, and merchants, and Shudra for peasants, servants and workers. A fifth Varna was known as untouchables and anyone castigated from the Varna’s were the Dalit who were denigrated to pollutant jobs. According to Religioustolerance. org (2011), â€Å"although the caste system was abolished in 1949, it remains a significant force amongst Hindus throughout India. Aside from debate are the cultural rituals of the Hindu. According Living Religions by Mary Pat Fisher (2005), â€Å"there are sixteen rites prescribed in the ancient scriptures to purify and sanctify the person in his or her journey through life, including rites at the time of conception, the braiding of the pregnant mother’s hair, birth, name-giving, beginning of solid foods, starting education, investing boys with a sacred thread, first leaving the family house, starting studies of Vedas, marriage, and death. Sanatana Dharma is the current preferred title of what is better known as Hinduism where respect of one of the world’s oldest religions must be observed. The fact that there are many worshipped idols within Sanatana Dharma confuses the masses who contend that Hinduism is a polytheistic religion. Yet, it is the world overlooking the fact that other religions practice in denominations sectored by a difference of beliefs within the same core of beliefs.