What kind of event marketing might a wholesaler use to promote business Essay Example

What kind of event marketing might a wholesaler use to promote business? Essay A wholesaler can adopt a range of marketing tactics to promote its services. Event marketing is an especially useful idea to exploit market opportunity. Event marketing involves a list of activities that enhance brand visibility and brand identification for target consumers (in this case select retailers). Event marketing by wholesalers is usually a ‘push’ tactic, as awareness about products and services is brought to retailers, who in turn procure and promote it to end consumers. Wholesalers usually do not expend resources on promotion of their goods and services, yet, tactical event marketing can fetch impressive rewards. One of the key elements to successful event marketing is to offer customers an ‘experience’ of the product/service. This is done through live demonstrations, audio/visual presentations, distributing samples and offering free trials. Wholesalers could also regroup products (bulk-breaking) so as to provide quantity and assortment customers need. It also makes business sense to anticipate customers’ needs and buy goods in advance – although this involves an element of risk. By offering to carry products in their own inventories, wholesalers can reduce their customers’ inventory costs. And finally, wholesalers can successfully market by punctual delivery of goods/services and offering credit. We will write a custom essay sample on What kind of event marketing might a wholesaler use to promote business? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What kind of event marketing might a wholesaler use to promote business? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What kind of event marketing might a wholesaler use to promote business? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Similarly, by showcasing their expertise through the event marketing tactic, wholesalers can attract new producers. By offering to purchase producer’s output before it reaches the end consumer, the wholesaler can help reduce costs for the former. Hence event marketing is a potent tool that wholesalers can employ to attract new retailers as well as new producers. Paulo Friere’s article titled ‘Pedagogy of the Oppressed’ is provocative yet truthful in its observations. Contrary to comforting conventional views on mainstream education systems, Friere presents a new perspective on the subject. He views the teacher-pupil equations in these systems as rather oppressive, as it reinforces misconceptions about knowledge and expertise. More controversially, Friere demystifies the notion of the ‘omniscient’ teacher and his/her authority over the ‘ignorant’ pupil. In this ‘banking concept of education’ students are seen as â€Å"adaptable, manageable beings. The more students work at storing the deposits entrusted to them, the less they develop the critical consciousness which would result from their intervention in the world as transformers of that world.† (Friere, 1997, p.54) Under this system not only is there a supposed knowledge asymmetry between the teacher and the pupil, but t he former also holds professional authority that is not always grounded on merit. Moreover, this banking education minimizes or annuls the students’ creative energies so as to serve the interests of the oppressors, whose primary motive is not progress or critical inquiry. To the contrary, under the humanitarian veil of the educators lies their intention to perpetuate the status quo. Maxine Greene’s article titled Teaching for Social Justice is similar in tenor to that of Paulo Freire’s. The history of human societies is full of instances of the privileged few (the oppressors) dominating the majority rest through explicit and implicit means. Where brute force proved unviable, sophisticated indoctrination through education ensured domination. Further, â€Å"the privileged few were the ones with the opportunities to map and dominate the linguistic universe. The imbalance, the undeserved advantages in that domain as well as in the socioeconomic and political worlds is evidences of the most glaring social injustice.† (Greene, 1988 p.29) It is in this context that an educational system be devised, whose end is to ensure that each citizen is at the least entitled to develop and build his/her â€Å"intellectual, social, emotional, and expressive capacities†. (Greene, 1988, p.29) Consistent with the arguments made by Paulo Freire, Marine G reene too advocates a new way of looking at our educational institutions and their underlying motives. Contrary to what the system produces, she espouses Teaching for Social Justice. Here, teaching is to project â€Å"what we believe ought to be – not merely where moral frameworks are concerned, but in material arrangements for people in all spheres of society. Moreover, teaching for social justice is teaching for the sake of arousing the kinds of vivid, reflective, experiential responses that might move students to come together in serious efforts to understand what social justice actually means and what it might demand.† (Greene, 1988, p.30) Kliewer’s article focusing on the special needs of Down syndrome children is also of a similar vein to the other two articles. The author feels that current understanding of this health condition and schooling possibilities for children afflicted with it is quite limited. (Kliewer, 1988) And hence educators should be more open and inclusive of children of different capabilities as they draw up their curricula. In essence, there is much convergence in the content and thrust of the three articles as they express their concern about mainstream education today. After having read these three articles and based on my own educational experience in childhood, I am mostly in agreement with the views expressed by Freire, Greene and Kliewer. Formal education is something most children in our country have the privilege of attending. To its credit, the education system in the United States has extended literacy and math skills to several generations of students. As a result, the country overall has become more educated. The percentage of young adults passing high-school has increased steadily; and so has the number of graduates, post-graduates and doctoral students. Yet, when we look at what kind of products children turn out to be at the end of this process, the results are not satisfactory. When we look at how far formal education serves to ‘enlighten’ young minds, the answer is disappointing. When we look at young adults’ ability to make informed choices about what they consume or their ability to act as responsible citi zens of a democratic country, etc., we find plenty of inadequacies. These aspects of the education system make me uneasy. As opposed to imparting necessary cognitive tools for young people to think for themselves and act as they see merit, the present system indoctrinates them to become obedient automatons in the corporate world. This is reflected in the fact that student intake in disciplines under Humanities (including that of Education/Instructional Design courses) has decreased over the years and technical/vocational courses have become preferred choices due to lucrative career paths they offer.

The Gentle Barbarian, Turgenev Essay Example

The Gentle Barbarian, Turgenev Essay Example The Gentle Barbarian, Turgenev Essay The Gentle Barbarian, Turgenev Essay In 1870s Turgenev was known in Europe as the conducting Russian novelist, but he was far to not be known to the large public in Europe or America. In 1877 he has become world famous after the publication of Virgin Soil, his longest and most ambitious novel. In one month after the publication, fifty-two young people were arrested in Russia on accusations of revolutionary conspiracy. This incident the public in America and France was shaken. Its effect on American readers was so enormous: as powerful, in its way, as the effect of Uncle Toms Cabin had been. For Turgenev the novel was one more attempt to present the Russian situation with detachment, and above all he sought to show to his critics that he had not lost touch with the younger generation.; (V. S. Pritchett). Some years ago the British writer and critic V.S. Pritchett asked: What is it that attracts us to the Russian novelists of the nineteenth century? What Pritchett was voicing was the obvious truth that the Russian writer s touch and move us with immediacy, a sense of freshness and vitality that we do not always find in Western literature in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Turgenev creates moving novels that depict life in Russia. We respond to Russian writers, as we typically do not to most Anglo-Saxon writers. Turgenev evokes such a strong a sense of reality that readers with no particular passion for literature accept without qualification his vision of life. Some tentative answers to Pritchetts question may provide us with some understanding of why so much of the pessimistic literature of this century has failed to engage our deepest sympathies, our most profound sense of life. One of the most obvious characteristics of Russian fiction in the nineteenth century is the astonishing way in which characters talk about themselves and others. In his book on Turgenev, The Gentle Barbarian, Pritchett writes: It is the nature of Dostoevskys genius to

Summary and Critical Response Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary and Critical Response - Article Example According to the author, this independent nature is not awful but it reduces the overall qualitative development of the students by hindering their academic work. The students will not be able to conduct their study according to the academic schedule. Moreover, the students will not be eligible for a better job in future due to the part time job and lack of educational development. Thus, it is eminent from the article that the part time jobs at every instance affect the educational field of the students (Rokicka, 2014; Etzioni, n.d.). The author Amitai Etzioni has argued over the facts that the jobs at fast food organizations affect the quality of the students. The reason behind this is that the part time jobs do not provide any skilled training or any sort of career building opportunities. The author Etzioni has attempted to drag the attention of the working students and their guardians in order to demonstrate the drawbacks of part time jobs in such organizations. Moreover there are some other contradictory arguments, which reflect the importance of such part time jobs in these organizations. According to Wang, Kong, Shan & Vong (2010), the employees working in the restaurants acquire specific knowledge regarding preparation of food and maintenance of machines, and cash registers among others. This knowledge that the employees are attaining is of no use for them. However, Knuth (2011) contradictory argued that the learning of cash registers and operating these do not reflect any significant skill development. Mo reover, the learning of such aspects does not provide any better opportunity for them in building their career (Knuth, 2011). The contradictory arguments by Wang, Kong, Shan & Vong (2010) also suggests that the students working in part time jobs are of considerable number. The reason behind this is that the employees of part time jobs are

Investment Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Investment Risk Management - Essay Example Laura and Rubia (2012) says that in a practical setting, typical risks faced by financial institutions include defaults on loans provided by the firm, losses on investment securities and failure of business undertakings on a supplementary party owing certain obligations to the affected party. In this case, it is acknowledgeable that financial companies face numerous risks in operations. Therefore, risk management involves developing appropriate measures to curb and minimize effects of these typical circumstances. Laura and Rubia (2012) says that after developing appropriate measures, risk management moves into implementing and procedures meant to facilitate the realization of pre-determined risk management goals. In contemporary business environments, the financial industry faces substantial effects from volatility in micro-economic elements. This means that, economic trends play a significant role in either boosting or inflating portfolio, and investment securities held by a given c ompany. This type of risk is largely inevitable, as micro-economic elements of a business environment depend on the specific region that a business organization operates. In an event that America undergoes high inflation rates and a negative economic growth, then the financial industries operating within the US will feel the pinch of inflation. In this regard, financial institutions experience unprecedented risks during turbulent economic times. According to Allen (2012), it is inherent to acknowledge the fact that turbulence within an economic environment causes financial uncertainty; which requires intervention from risk management practices. Financial volatility and associated risks became pronounced with adoption of electronic trading in security markets. In modern automated markets, threats from data and information theft features as one insecurity element facing the financial industry. Trends suggest that there is a potential risk of exposure to data breaches coupled with iden tity theft experienced by financial institutions. Allen (2012) agrees that despite risk trends suggesting an increase in security breaches, financial companies do not put enough measures to counteract data theft. In a practical sense, failure to address these risks presents huge risks and challenges to the financial industry. In order to evaluate the effect of negligence in financial risk management, we will appraise the case of Lehman Brothers. In September 2008, Lehman Brothers, which is one of the most prestigious participants in the Wall Street market, admitted having filed for bankrupts amid negotiations with potential buyers. According to Teather, Treanor, & Wearden (2008), Lehman Brothers postulated that the protection move aimed at safeguarding its assets. However, the collapse of the huge financial company was a result of the credit crunch coupled with profound effects from sub-prime crisis. Lehman was a victim of the credit crunch, which refers to a situation where lenders provided limited on no money to borrowers. In 2008, there was a significant economic recession across the world. As a result, lending financial institutions froze their money in order to minimize risks associated with the uncertain economy. According to Teather et al. (2008), Lehman Brothers could not borrow enough money to sustain its business operations; hence opted for a bankruptcy protection. Apart from

The Influence of Cigarette Smoking all Over the World Research Paper

The Influence of Cigarette Smoking all Over the World - Research Paper Example Cigarette smoking is the inhale of the smoke of burning tobacco encased. Informal smoking is the act of smoking only infrequently, generally in social circumstances or to alleviate tension. A number of health experts consider regular cigarette smoking as a psycho-addiction and having dangerous health effects. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has stated that cigarettes should be regarded as nicotine delivery devices. Nicotine, the vigorous element in tobacco, is intake into the lungs, where most of it remains. The remainder passes into the bloodstream, and reaches the brain in around 10 seconds and spread all over the body in just 20 seconds. The conditions and the amount of tobacco inhaled, nicotine can act as either refreshment or sedative. This can be described as some people describes that smoking gives them energy and motivates their mental activity, at the same time as others see that cigarette smoking alleviates nervousness and lessen them. Yet, nicotine increases the danger of heart ailment. Nevertheless, when a person smokes, he or she is taking in a lot more than nicotine. Smoke from a cigarette includes many other toxic chemicals, including tar and carbon monoxide. Tar is a sticky matter that accumulates in the lungs, causing lung cancer and respiratory pain. Carbon monoxide restricts the quantity of oxygen that the red blood cells can transmit all over the body. In addition, it may harm the internal walls of the arteries, which lets fats to increase in them. In addition to tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide, tobacco smoke contains numerous different chemicals. Most of them are considered to be deadly. Nonsmokers who are vulnerable to tobacco smoke also take in these poisonous chemicals. Cigarette smoking is considered as the major preventable source of death, contributing to the deaths of just about 430,700 Americans each year.  

Software Requirement Specifications

Software Requirement Specifications 2.1.1 Proposed Method Fig.2.1 Block Diagram of D.A.P.S It is dependent on core Harvard Architecture and ARM9263 choosing individual data and command buses. The ARM9 processor commands are accomplish by means of the five stage pipelining. The clock frequency of the ARM9263 processor is too high evaluated to ARM7 processor. ARM9263 processor might accomplish the instructions in a single clock cycle. This processor also chains gazelle equipment which supports java byte codes. Data acquisition processes, as the name consult to appliances and procedures utilized to accumulate the suggestions. In the most basic form, a technician working the temperature of a range on a section of paper is carrying out data acquire. Development has enhanced, this type of strategy has easy and produced more appropriate, important and effective through electronic apparatus. Data acquiring appliances serve as an significant point in a system. Data Acquisition strategy tying along a wide variety of appliances, such as detectors is used to show temperature, flow level and demand. Communication is depending on the information acquisition appliances, those appliances are interfaced with a device through the transmission port. The more frequently used communicating interface for the inadequate distances is RS-232. In RS-232 the correspondence is serial communication for one appliance to one computer by using communication port. The performance of the RS232 up to 115 K baud (bits per second).RS422 and 485 equally will have the capability to interact more distances with the numerous units. Two common parallel communication interfaces are generally the Centroid and IEEE-488. An analog to digital Converter is a device that can transfer the unbroken physical assortment to a digital number that symbolizes the quantitys shift. The substitution involves concerning quantizing of the input. It is appropriate to propose a small measure of error. An ADC performs the conversion (samples the input) occasionally. The consequences will be the sequence of digital values that have modified a continuous-time and continuous-amplitude analog signal to a discrete-time and the discrete-amplitude digital signal. An ADC is characterized by its bandwidth and its signal to noise. The DAPS cell is analyzed for negative ions recognition. The design RDX TNT are launched into the assortment, as a unique sample and incorporate sample. In equally the cases estimated result is described. The first condition of a DAPS system is a appropriate ion source. The source is usually a beta emitter. In a dry air system the ionic species generate are pre-dominantly N+2 or O+2Positive ions and O−2 negative ions. These ions are referred as reactant ions. When molecules of the illustration species are introduce into the ion source region these molecules will be interact with the reactant ions. A charge transfer will take place creating ions of the sample species. TNT will experience charge transfer reactions, TNT + A → TNT Â ± A, RDX will give the ion-molecule reactions with the reactant ions, RDX + A− → (RDX Â ± A). The abridged ion mobility time corresponds to the molecular weights of the addition compounds [RDX-O (H2O)] −,[RDX-O2]−. Therefore, the resultant IMS plasma gram of RDX contains 4 distinct peaks. These ionic species will move in the direction of the ion gate under the authority of the electric field. The polarity of the final controls, unstable substances form negative ions, most of the narcotics, like heroin and cocaine, form positive ions. In the float region the test ions move subordinate the determine of the utilized electric field. Because to the collision among the sample ions and the substance gas molecules, the interval will be proceeding counting on the mobility of the test ions. Ions with a greater mobility will travel the distance of the substance region in a shorter time. The mobility of the ions might count on their size, mass and shape of the ions. For the individual opening of the electronic gate, a produce of the electronic charge symbolizing assorted ionic species in the preview will arrive at the ion collector detached in time. The range of the ion current is consult to as a plasma gram. The ion mobility spectrometrys distinguished strength is the performance at which separations happen typically on the prescribe of tens of milliseconds. This ability combined with its convenience of use, very high sensitivity, and highly efficient design have authorized IMS as a commercialized product to be used as a schedule tool for the field recognition of explosives, drugs, and chemical weapons. Significant manufacturers of IMS testing devices utilized in airports are Morph and Smiths Awareness. The ion source in the submit IMS is depending on the corona discharge in aim to plane geometry. The happening chamber is created of Teflon cylinder with 50 mm inner diameter. A power in the form of parallel tungsten wires (diameter 100 Â µ m) with comparative distance of 1 mm signifies the plain electrode of the corona discharge. The detail electrode is made of tungsten wire (diameter 50 Â µ m) which is installed in a ceramic tube situated in the axis of the release chamber. The position of this tube is to hold the aim electrode in the demanded position and it also acts as a gas inlet. The range amongst the tip of the wire and the popular electrode can be modified by transferring the ceramic tube together the axis of the discharge chamber. In prescribe to accomplish the maximal ion present was the point to plane length varied in the range 3 12 mm. In the excellent corona the maximal current was discovered at 4 mm point to plane range and the ignition voltage was in the range 2-2. 5 kV. The optimum ion current is restricted by the recombination of ions on the plane electrode (corona grid). The proportion of the ions found by the grid to the ions that move the grid is proportional to the ratio E2/E1, where E1 is the strength of electric field in the move tube and E2 is the strength of electric field in the release chamber. The response region consists of several parallel electrodes, divided by Teflon seals. The extent of the reaction region can be diverse, based on number of used electrodes. The first electrode in the response region is particularly designed and its work is to avoid the dissemination of the test gas into the discharge chamber. Two ports for the gas recess and for the gas outlet are generating into this electrode. The majority of the electrodes have the requirement dimensions similar with the electrodes utilized in drift tube. An electric shutter network is placed at the end of the response region. The shutter grid is one of the most significant parts of the IMS. Its role is to keep the ions in response region and to inject the ions into the drift region. The grid is made of similar wires, located in one plane perpendicular to the axis of the spectrometer. The wires are on the electric potential , where VD is the potential of the drift tube at the place of the shutter, and is closing potential between adjacent wires. This potential creates an electric field perpendicular to the electric field formed by the drift tube. As the ions pursue electric field, they hit the grid wires and lose their charge due to recombination processes. If a short circuit is created between the grid wires then the electric potential of the wires is VD and there is no perpendicular electric field generated by the grid, the cover up is opened. The ions are able to enter the drift region. The generating of the secured grid might manage the resolution and understanding of the spectrometer. This is because of to the influence of the normal electric field to the float electric field. The important electric field immediate the grid is offered by deposition of these two fields. If the vertical field is to strong the gate diminution effect occurs. If the normal field is too weak, the quickly ions can go using into the drift location even if the gate is blocked. A constant position in the spectra is existential in this case. The adequate value of the shutter grid electric field is in the aspect from 1 to 10 of the electric field in the float tube. 2.2 Purpose The objective of these software requirement specifications is to capture the customer requirements both functional and non-functional for the project. This serves as the input for the Software Design Document. 2.2.1 Assumptions Connectivity between ADC board and AT91 board will be available. Continuous illustrations are coming from ADC and are stored on AT91 board memory. Porting the submission from one platform to another platform is potential with difficulties. Interfaces of LCD, TS (touch screen) are in the working condition. 2.2.1.1. Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms 2.3 Ion mobility spectrometer data acquisition display unit IMS show unit conveys, analyses and demonstrates the wave and capabilities of explosive test created in the Drift tube sampler unit. Fig.2.2 Block diagram of IMS Unit Fig.2.3 IMS Unit Experimental layout Functional Description 1. As the unit is switched ON observe the Power LED (green) ON the front panel of the IMS display unit. 2. To calibrate the TFT TS LCD touch the dot sequence will be appearing on the Screen. 3. Touch the CAPT button to start sampling of explosive material placed in sampler. 4. Although the selections of the explosive information are being accumulated and came out, when the examples collection is more than and notice the bursting material recognized in Red colour combined with buzzer move and majority of all other components in green. (In the understanding software will do assessment of data recorded with the accumulated explosive library to understand the occurrence of explosive in the design introduced. If explosive is recognized, software estimate drift-time. If the data grabbed matches with any of the bursting library, the individual explosive screen will modification RED from GREEN. With screen proceeding RED, it’s an evidence of occurrence of explosive and the buzzer will blow. To stop the buzzer audio push CLRB button. 5. To view the wave and characteristics of the material detected touch the material appeared in Red color. Zoom option is provided to view the graph clearly by touching Zoom button. 6. To navigate from any page to main page touch on Menu button. Data acquisition is the process of sampling the signals that to measure real world physical conditions and converting the resulting samples into digital numeric values. These values can be manipulated by the computer. Data acquisition systems typically convert the analog waveforms into digital values for their processing. The components of data acquisition systems include: The Sensors that they will convert the physical parameters to the electrical Signals. A Signal conditioning circuitry is used to convert the sensor signals into a form that can be converting to the digital values. Analog-to-digital converters, which converts the conditioned sensor signals to digital values The Data acquisition and processing samples of explosives represents the detection of explosive materials like TNT, RDX, NACRO etc. it is generally called as Ion-Mobility Spectrometer .It is used to detect the explosives based on the drift velocity of the generated ions. Drift tube generates the ions from the samples placed. Based on the drift velocity of the ions, generated current will vary. As Drift tube output is connected to the pre-amplifier, the drift tube output voltage in turn depends on the drift velocity of samples. The pre amplifier output is connected to the ADC board (THS1206), which is integrated with the ARM board (AT91SAM9263). ADC converts the continuous analog signal to discrete Digital values. DAPS appropriate the output voltage of the pre amplifier utilizing ADC, depending on the peak appreciate of the accumulated ADC sample data, move time is calculated. Drift Time chosen by the pattern is opposed with the obtainable library data. If the move time utilized by the sample complements with any of the move time values chosen in the library, alarm will be round and the name of the sudden detected is exhibited along with the Attributes like ADC peak voltage benefits (in volts) time (in milliseconds). The Complete unit kept in a big chamber and that is having high voltage power supply.

Child soldiers: The role of children in armed conflict Essay

There are hundreds of thousands of children from all over the world who are forced and recruited into paramilitaries, civil militia, government armed forces and other armed groups. This situation is particularly common in Africa and Arabic countries which are constantly in war. In such countries the rate of insecurity is usually so high that the children cannot go school and as a result they voluntarily join the militia groups since it is the only activity they can actively be involved in. Some children are born and they experience the war from tender age, as a result war becomes part of them. In other cases the children are forcefully recruited and trained to be militia men. Thousands of children recruited are abducted from home, streets and schools. Other self recruits do it out of revenge they watched their family members being murdered in cold blood and others being raped and the anger makes them to join the army and militia group t seek revenge for their loved ones(Wessells, 456 ). In the international law, the involvement and participation of children under eighteen years old in an armed conflict is totally unacceptable and prohibited. At the same time the recruitment of those under 15 is regarded as a war crime. Such children have their child hood robbed of and they are exposed to physical and psychological suffering and terrible danger. They are often placed in the combat situation used as messengers, spies, porters, servants to clear and lay the landmines. This is usually dangerous to their lives as in most cases they are usually incompetent and highly disadvantaged compared to the other experienced trained older soldiers. During confrontation they are in most cases put in the front line and they end up being killed the most. The girls in such cases are usually subject to sexual child abuse and rape (Shepler, 165). The war and militia group encounter usually has adverse psychological impacts on the children. They witness and participate in a lot of killings and other inhuman acts which affect their psychological well being. Others run into depression and post traumatic stress because of being exposed to too much human blood. They usually find it hard to erase the sad and inhuman moments from their minds. They witness their colleagues being murdered in the war and they also killed people and these scenes keep flushing in their mind. If such victims don’t find urgent medical and professional help they die from stress and depression related ailments. Others end up committing suicide because of the traumatizing encounters and experiences (Klasen et al, 345). In Somalia for example the children have been denied the access to education. The children are exposed to high level of poverty they are forced to join the militia group so that they can protect themselves. The al-Shabab have denied access to aid thus enhancing the humanitarian crisis. The education has been paralyzed in the country because schools are destroyed in the wars and others are used as hide outs and training ground for the militia men. The children and teachers cant risk going to school because they might be abducted or killed. This situation has caused thousands of children to flee in the neighboring countries such as Djibouti and Kenya as refugees where they face hard living conditions in the camps. The Al-Shabab armed group has imposed restrictions on the freedom and right to education. They prevent some subjects from being taught in school and they use the operating schools to indoctrinate children into taking part in the wars and fighting. The armed group use threaten ing recruitment methods and in some cases they lure the children promising them money and phones if they join them (kohrt et al, 188). Children are used as soldiers they are easier to brainwash and condition. They are easily manipulated and convinced as opposed to the elderly people. They eat less food and they are underpaid. They have underdeveloped sense of danger and as a result they are easier to command In the line of fire. The children are also uniquely vulnerable to recruitment because of their physical and emotional immaturity. They are easily drawn and convinced into violence and wars that they are too young to understand and resist. The recruited children usually find it hard to go back home to their communities and families as they are ostracized from them. They are usually forced to kill a neighbor or family member so that they can’t go back home. For the female child soldiers, many have babies with the rebel soldiers and such children can’t be accepted in their homes making it difficult for them to return home (Achvarina, 132). Since 2001 child soldiers participation in militia activities has been reported in twenty one recent or ongoing armed conflicts in different regions of the world. The advancement in technology in the proliferation of small arms and weaponry has also contributed a great deal to the increased recruitment of child soldiers. The lightweight automatic guns and other weapons are simple and easy to operate, they are easily accessible and they can be used by the children. The guns are more portable and easy to use this provision makes it possible for children to be recruited in the armed activities (Rosen, 345). The children are also more likely to be recruited because of the separation from their families, high poverty levels displacement from homes, having limited access to education or living in a combat zone. Some children have parents who are both soldiers and they are born in the war area. Such children are almost naturally recruited as they don’t find it hard joining and participating in the war. Many children join the militia groups because of social and economic pressure that they are exposed to. others believe that the armed group will offer security and food. In some countries like Uganda, Sri Lanka and Nepal more of the child soldiers are reported to be girls. They are often raped and forced to be wives of the elderly soldiers. This is inhuman as it prevents the girl child from getting her rights and freedoms (Honwana, 287). The former child soldiers should have adequate access to rehabilitation programs which will help them relocate back to their families or get back to school. They should not be treated as outcasts but instead they should receive vocational training in order to have an easy time re entering the civilian life. If the children lack this support they can easily be recruited back to the armed groups because they will find it hard to cope up and blend in the normal society after their extreme experiences with the guns. It is the responsibility of every government to ensure that children safety and rights are safeguarded. The governments should protect all children from being recruited in the militia activities. They should prohibit forced recruitment of children of children under eighteen years old (Bayer et al, 254). References Cohn, Ilene, and Guy S. Goodwin-Gill. Child soldiers: The role of children in armed conflict. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2004. Wessells, Michael G. Child soldiers: From violence to protection. Harvard University Press, 2006.Honwana, Alcinda. Child soldiers in Africa. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.Rosen, David M. Armies of the young: Child soldiers in war and terrorism. Rutgers University Press, 2005.Kohrt, Brandon A., et al. â€Å"Comparison of mental health between former child soldiers and children never conscripted by armed groups in Nepal.† Jama 300.6 (2008): 691-702. Bayer, Christophe Pierre, Fionna Klasen, and Hubertus Adam. â€Å"Association of trauma and PTSD symptoms with openness to reconciliation and feelings of revenge among former Ugandan and Congolese child soldiers.† Jama 298.5 (2007): 555-559. Klasen, Fionna, et al. â€Å"Posttraumatic resilience in former Ugandan child soldiers.† Child development 81.4 (2010): 1096-1113. Rosen, David M. â€Å"Child soldiers, international humanitarian law, and the globalization of childhood.† American anthropologist 109.2 (2007): 296-306. Shepler, Susan. â€Å"The rites of the child: Global discourses of youth and reintegrating child soldiers in Sierra Leone.† Journal of Human Rights 4.2 (2005): 197-211. Achvarina, Vera, and Simon F. Reich. â€Å"No Place to Hide: Refugees, displaced persons, and the recruitment of child soldiers.† International Security 31.1 (2006): 127-164. Source document